Steam-boiler.



Patented Oct. l6, I900.

D.. AHERN. STEAM BOILER.

2 Sheets-Sheet I.

(No Model.)

No. 659,780. Patented Oct. l6, I900.

n. AHEBN:

STEAM BOILER. (Appliation filed Apr. 13, 1900. -(No Model.) 2SheetsSheet 2.

Nrrnn TATES ATENT OFFICE.

DENIS AHERN, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

STEAM-BOILER.

SPECIFICATION formingpart of Letters Patent No. 659,780, dated October16, 1900.

Application filed April 13, 1900. Serial No. 12,661. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, DENIs AHERN, a citizen of the United States,residing in the borough of Manhattan, city and State of New York, haveinvented a certain new and useful Improvement in Steam-Boilers, of whichthe following is a specification.

The invention may be carried out in boilers of any size; but I esteem itbest adapted for boilers ranging from one to one-hundred horse power. Itis especially adapted for locations where but little horizontalextension can be afforded.

I have in a patent to me, dated July 10, 1894, No. 522,871, set forth aconstruction involving some of the same principles. The presentinvention is an improvement on the construction therein set forth. As inthe former, a removable part, of rectangular cross section, with roundedcorners, is mounted within the horizontal shell. The hot gases generatedin the furnace below-the shell rise at the rear end and move forwardthrough the said removable portion, rising in a breeching at the front.I flange outward instead of inward the end of the cylindrical shell atthe front. I have devised an improved construction for the junction atthe front and provide means for detachably securing the flanges both atthe front and rear with unusual tightness. The former boiler hadhorizontal tubes extending longitudinally and connecting waterlegs ateach side of the boiler. I use such tubes and provide an additionalseries alongside,inclining the series in opposite directions. I havedevised peculiarly efficient and convenient means for closing the holesin the water-legs through which the tube-expander is introduced insetting the tubes and through which new tubes may be introduced whenrequired.

The accompanying drawings form a part of this specification andrepresent what I consider the best means of carrying out the invention.

Figure 1 is a central vertical longitudinal section. Fig. 2 is a partialrear elevation, the main portion being a cross-section on the line 2 2in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the shell, showing the frontend; and Fig. 4 is a corresponding view of the removable portiondetached. Figs. 5 and 6 represent certain details on a larger scale.Fig. 5 is a central longitudinal section of one of my bolts and of thecorresponding nut securing the flanges. Fig. 6 is a correspondingsection showing my provision for closing the accessholes in thewater-legs.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all thefigures where they appear.

A is a cylindrical shell flanged outward at its front end, as indicatedby A, and riveted at the rear end to the cylindrical flanged rear head A1 B is the removable casing, of rectangular cross-section, tightly andpermanentlyunited to the front plate B, which latter is adapted toconstitute when in place the front head of the boiler-shell. The casingB is flanged outward at the rear, as indicated by B 0 C are boltsthickly set in corresponding holes to connect the large front plate Bwith the flange A of the shell. A similar series of bolts connect therear flange B with the rear head A of the shell. Each of these bolts asa largehead O, the under face of which has a annular recess 0. I The nutD has a corresponding annular recess (1. A gasket of asbestos should beintroduced under the flange in the obvious manner. The recesses c and 61must be carefully filled and a little more than filled with soft cement.parts thus prepared are applied together and the nuts are tightened, theexcess of cementsection closed at the bottom. At the upper end theiroutline is suitably curved and adapted to match against the exterior ofthe shell. This joint is secured by rivets or bolts P. Cross-tubes Kconnect the headers N N at the rear. The headers are cast integral, withapertures cored therein, which by sub- When the sequent treatment byboring-tools can tightly receive tiers of tubes G and H. These tubesextend in nearly-horizontal lines along the sides of the boiler; butthey are inclined in opposite directions. The tubes G are lowest attheir front ends, so that the water is received downward through thefront water-leg M and delivered partially changed into steam into therear water-leg N at the same side.

The tubes M, on the contrary, are highest at the front.

front leg M. I provide two liberal apertures at the junction of each legM and N with the shell A, one of which apertures is intended to allowthe descent of the water and the other the ascent of the steam in thatleg. A partition 1 extends partially downward in each leg to betterprotect the descending water from the agitation and attrition due to theascending current of steam. It is important that such partition shallnot extend the whole depth of either water-leg, but shall leave aliberal space below, and there may also be spaces at various otherpoints where the water can move across to maintain a uniform pressure,except the small difference in pressure required to maintain an activecirculation.

I provide in each water-leg what may be termec access-holes p, which maybe left rough, if preferred. These holes are only required to be openwhen a tube is to be inserted or removed and to admit the tube-expanderin setting the tube. I close these by devices portions of which areapplied from the interior, inserted through hand-holes 25, which latterare closed in the ordinary manner. My provisions for closing theaccessholes are as follows: Each comprises a head W, of circular formand of a diameter something larger than the hole, and a contraction W,the latter adapted to loosely fill the hole, and a screw-threaded shankW extending farther outward. On the annular face of the contractedportion W is applied a gasket or elastic washer X of sufficient size tolap on the metal of the header around the hole. These parts areintroduced through a larger hand-hole adjacent, and then a nut Y isapplied from the outside, which on being set tightly secures the partstogether. A ring of Vulcanized rubber Z is introduced under the head Nand makes a tight joint with the inner face of the header.

I introduce among the tubes G H on each side of the boiler one or morestay-tubes G H, which have a little greater length and are provided withscrew-threaded ends, which re ceive nuts G H The other tubes may be setby expanding, the stay-tubes relieving them from tensioual strain.

J is a plate preferably composed of several thicknesses of metal withasbestos interposed, which serves as a removable protection on each sideof the structure between the head- They receive water downward throughthe rear legN and deliver it partially manufactured into steam to risein the ers M and N. It is supported in a narrow trough or groove formedin a longitudinal b'ottom rail L and by a deeper inverted groove formedin an upper rail L The proportions are such that the plate may be liftedclear of the groove at the bottom and then on being drawn slightlyoutward and lowered becomes detached from the upper groove and may thenbe removed.

I attach importance to the fact that the flange 13 has a circularoutline adapted to match to the turned-out flange A on theshell, becauseit allows as large a flange B as may be desired on the other end of theinternal shell 8 Modifications maybe made without departing from theprinciple or sacrificing the advantages of the invention.

I have in my experiments found no difficulty in making good joints byexpanding, with the tubes inclined as required; but other means may beused. I can have one or more m ud-dru ms additional to the dead-space atthe lower end of each water-leg, in which to accumulate solid matter tobe blown out at intervals. There may be clot-hing of asbestos or othersuitable material over the whole or parts of the exterior. There may beother removable or fixed plates forming further casings exterior to theside tubes G H. There may be a safety-valve, a pressure-gage, fourblow-off cocks, 850., each contributing in its ordinary manner to safetyand usefulness. The grate may be of any ordinary or suitable pattern.

Parts of the invention can be used without the whole. I can omitthepartition I, and can have but one hole connecting each waterleg with theinterior of the shell. The staytubes G H, with their nuts G H may beomitted. I can dispense with the steam-drum above the shell A.

I claim as my invention 1. In a steam-boiler having a removable internalcasing B of rectangular section with cross-tubes E F set therein, thelarge head 13' on one end of such casing having a diameter in excess ofthat of the cylindrical shell, in combination with the cylindrical shellA having an outwardly-set flange A, and provisions for releasablysecuring these parts together, arranged to serve substantially as hereinspecified.

2. In a steam-boiler having a removable internal casing B of rectangularsection with cross-tubes set therein, the large head B on one end ofsuch casing, in combination with a corresponding outwardly-curved flangeA on the shell, and removable fastenings comprising each a bolt 0 0having an annular recess cand a nut D having an annular recess d,adapted to serve with cement substantially as herein specified.

3. In a steam-boiler having a removable internal casing B of rectangularsection with cross-tubes set therein, the shell A, water-legs or headersM N connected thereto, and the two series of oppositely-inclined sidetubes G H combined and arranged to serve substantially as hereinspecified.

4. In a steam-boiler having a removable internal casing B of rectangularsection with cross-tubes set therein, the shell A watertubes or headersM N connected thereto and ranged to serve substantially as hereinspecified.

6. In a steam-boiler having a removable internal casing B of rectangularsection with cross-tubes set therein, the shell A, water-legs or headersM N connected thereto, and the two series of oppositely-inclined sidetubes G H, the longitudinal grooved rails L L the uppermost grooved thedeeper, and the nonconducting-plate J mounted detachably in suchgrooves, all arranged to serve substantially as herein specified. v

In testimony that I claim the invention above set forth I affix mysignature in the presence of two Witnesses.

DENIS AHERN.

Witnesses:

WILLIAM PAXTON, J. B. CLAUTIcE.

